The effect of trade policies on foreign direct investment in Nigeria: An evaluation of reforms in Abuja (2000–2020).
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Background of the Study :
Trade policies are critical in shaping the investment climate of a country. In Nigeria, reforms aimed at liberalizing trade have been implemented to attract foreign direct investment (FDI) by creating a more open and competitive market environment. Abuja, as the political and administrative center of Nigeria, has been at the forefront of these reforms. Since 2000, policies such as tariff reductions, improved regulatory frameworks, and enhanced investor protection have been introduced to boost FDI inflows (Balogun, 2023). These reforms are expected to create a favorable business environment, encourage technology transfer, and stimulate economic growth. However, persistent challenges including bureaucratic inefficiencies and policy inconsistencies have sometimes undermined these efforts. This study evaluates the impact of trade policy reforms on FDI in Abuja by analyzing investment trends, policy changes, and investor perceptions. The goal is to identify factors that facilitate or impede FDI and to propose recommendations for optimizing trade policies to enhance foreign investment (Eze, 2024; Ibrahim, 2025).
Statement of the Problem
Although trade policy reforms have been introduced to attract FDI in Abuja, investment levels have not consistently met expectations. Challenges such as regulatory bottlenecks, bureaucratic delays, and policy uncertainties continue to deter potential investors. This study seeks to assess the extent to which trade policies have influenced FDI and to identify the key obstacles that limit foreign investment in Nigeria. Addressing these issues is essential for improving the investment climate and fostering sustainable economic growth (Balogun, 2023).
Objectives of the Study:
To evaluate the impact of trade policy reforms on FDI.
To identify challenges that impede foreign investment.
To recommend policy measures to enhance the investment climate.
Research Questions:
How do trade policies affect FDI in Abuja?
What are the main barriers to attracting FDI?
What reforms can improve the investment climate?
Research Hypotheses:
H1: Trade policy reforms significantly boost FDI inflows.
H2: Bureaucratic inefficiencies negatively affect FDI.
H3: Policy consistency enhances foreign investment.
Significance of the Study
This study is significant as it evaluates the relationship between trade policies and FDI in Abuja, offering crucial insights for policymakers on optimizing reforms to attract foreign investment. The findings will contribute to a more robust investment environment and drive economic growth (Ibrahim, 2025).
Scope and Limitations of the Study:
Limited to the topic only.
Definitions of Terms:
– Trade Policies: Government measures that regulate international trade.
– Foreign Direct Investment (FDI): Investment made by a firm or individual in one country into business interests located in another country.
– Abuja: Nigeria’s capital city and administrative center.
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